Thursday 30 April 2020

Ch-2 (IX) What is democracy and why democracy


Chapter-2

What is Democracy? Why Democracy?

A simple definition of Democracy

Democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people.

Summary definition of Democracy

1. In a democracy the final decision making power must be given to those rulers who are elected by the people.
2. A democracy must be based on a free and fair election where those currently in power have a fair chance of losing.
3. In a democracy, each adult citizen ( people) must have one vote and each vote must have one value.
4. A democratic government rules within the limits set by constitutional law and citizens’ rights

Why Pakistan under General Musharraf should not be called a democracy?.

1. In Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf  led a military coup and overthrew a democratically elected government and declared himself the ‘Chief Executive’ of the country.
2. Later he conducted a referendum which was based on malpractices and fraud. He changed his designation as President in 2002.
3. In August 2002 he issued a ‘Legal Framework Order’ that amended the constitution of Pakistan. According to this Order, the President can dismiss the national or provincial assemblies.
4. The work of the civilian cabinet is supervised by a National Security Council which is dominated by military officers.
5. After passing this law, elected representatives have some powers but the final power rests with military officers and General Musharraf himself. Because of these reasons Pakistan under General Musharraf should not be called a democracy.

Should we consider the election held in China is democratic? Give reasons

1.    In China, single party system is practiced.
2.    Before contesting elections, a candidate needs the approval of the Chinese Communist Party.
3.    Only those who are members of the Chinese Communist Party or eight smaller parties allied to it were allowed to contest elections.
4.   The government is always formed by the Communist Party of China.
5.   Some of the members of Chinese parliament are nominated by the army

Should we consider the election held in Mexico is democratic? Give reasons

1.   Since its independence in 1930, every election was won by a PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party). Opposition parties did contest elections, but the PRI uses many dirty tricks to win elections.
2.  All those who were employed in government offices had to attend its party meetings.
3.  Teachers of government schools used to force parents to vote for the PRI.
4. Media largely ignored the activities of opposition political parties except to criticize them.
5. Sometimes the polling booths were shifted from one place to another in the last minute, which made it difficult for people to cast their votes.
6. The PRI spent a large sum of money in the campaign for its candidates.

Which are the countries deny equal right to vote? How?

1.  In Saudi Arabia women do not have the right to vote.
2.  Estonia has made its citizenship rules in such a way that people belonging to Russian minority find it difficult to get the right to vote.
3.  In Fiji, the electoral system is such that the vote of an indigenous Fijian has more value than that of an Indian-Fijian.

How is Zimbabwe government undemocratic  and autocratic? Give reasons.

1.  Zimbabwe has been ruled by ZANU-PF, the party that led the freedom struggle. Its leader, Robert Mugabe, is popular but also uses unfair practices in elections.
2.   Over the years his government has changed the constitution several times to increase the powers of the President and make him less accountable.
3.   Opposition party workers are harassed and their meeting disrupted.
4.  Public protests and demonstrations against the government are declared illegal. There is a law that limits the right to criticize the President.
5.  Television and radio are controlled by the government and give only the ruling party’s version.
6. The government has ignored some court judgments that went against it and has pressurized judges to take back the judgements.

What are the arguments put forward against democracy?

1.  Leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability.
2.  Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for morality.
3.  So many people have to be consulted in a democracy that it leads to delays.
4.  Elected leaders do not know the best interest of the people. It leads to bad decisions.
5.  Democracy leads to corruption because it is based on electoral competition.
6.  Ordinary people don’t know what is good for them; they should not decide anything.

What are the arguments put forward for democracy?

1.   A democratic government is a better government because it is a more accountable form of government.
2.   Democracy improves the quality of decision making by consulting various people and institutions.
3.   Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts. (In any society where people belong to different regions, speak different languages, practice different religions and have different castes, democracy provides permanent and suitable solution to overcome all the differences  and conflicts.)
4.   Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens by providing equality, fundamental rights and freedoms.
5.   Democracy is better than other forms of government because it allows us to correct its own mistakes.

BROADER MEANINGS OF DEMOCRACY

Two types of Democracy

1.   Direct democracy- In which all the adult citizens of the country assemble in a place and directly take part in decision making.
2.   Indirect democracy or Representative Democracy-In which people elect their representatives and those elected representatives make major decision. The majority of people rule through their elected representatives.

Why is Representative Democracy become necessary in the present world?

1.  Modern democracies involve such a large number of people that it is physically impossible for them to sit together and take a collective decision.
2.  Even if they could, the citizens do not have the time, the desire or the skills to take part in all the decisions.

What is an ideal standard of democracy?

1.  True democracy will come to a country only when no one goes hungry to bed.
2.   In a true democracy every citizen must be able to play equal role in decision making with equal right to vote, equal information, basic education, equal resources and a lot of commitment.

Assignment  on chapter : What is Democracy? Why Democracy?

1.   Explain Summary definition of Democracy
2.   Why Pakistan under General Musharraf should not be called a democracy?
3.   Should we consider the election held in China is democratic? Give reasons.
4.  Should we consider the election held in Mexico is democratic? Give reasons
5.  Which are the countries deny equal right to vote? How?
6.   How is Zimbabwe government undemocratic and autocratic? Give reasons.
7.   What are the arguments put forward against democracy?
8.   What are the arguments put forward for democracy?
9.   Explain the two types of democracy?
10. Why is Representative Democracy become necessary in the present world?
11. What are the two ideal standards of democracy?

98 comments:

  1. Replies
    1. this is very helpful

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    2. yes
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      this is nothing compared to the information in the original book
      pls extend the information and breifly give the notes

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    5. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  2. It helped me a lot but add some additional questions

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  3. Krishna
    Its helpful but something more is needed .... something about India

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    Replies
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    2. Uhm, I think you're being pretty thick-witted for saying something like that. Students like me are finding this article pretty useful since it is in our syllabus. If you cant respect that, you might as well dont say a word about it. Plus the person who wrote this has obviously put in at least some amount of effort into it. You have no right to say anything until and unless you can do even a bit better than him.

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    9. It helps me sooooooo much. THANKS:):):):):):)

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  5. not bad but i dont think this covers the complete syllabus and mind map should be there that can improve this

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  6. It helped me very much , but something is missing

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  10. good , helped me in exams dint read chapter jus read this but explanation could be more brief but short is better so basically excellent!!

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  11. skillful notes & helpful as well

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    Replies
    1. they r really good
      during exams they r best!!!

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  12. Doesn't covers the whole chapter...otherwise nice

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  13. helpful notes but but add some additional questions

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  14. class 9th, civics
    who are the decision makers?
    plzzz answer fast...!

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  15. Thank u soooooooooooooooooooooooooooo much

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  16. Nice notes....thank u sooo much

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  19. Nice ....but u see u haven't even changed the words from textbook...put some more effort in blogging..cuz shortcuts aren't very good...but still nice for revising the notes

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  20. this is just a part of the lesson...but its really helpful

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  21. Thank you so much, It helped me alot. May your hard work be a success.

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  22. awesome notes !! but some bits of information is missing.. but its in the book. we read that bit from the book

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  23. nice .... we can consider this as a summary of this lesson.it helped me break through my exam ... but i expect more !!!!!

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  24. its good.... but some topics are missing

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  25. Thanks a lot..... These notes helped a lot for me to prepare for my tests.

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  26. Good notes its fast and easy to revise, it is very helpful!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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  27. It helped me in finishing my work

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  29. Please write it briefly !!! So many points you missed out here !!

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  30. very much informative....hepled me alott

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  31. Thnx very much.....can be called as a good explanation

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  32. These notes are awesome..Shame on those who say bad things about these. Thanks the article writer����

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  33. Thank u for such good notes. It covers all the topics.

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  34. Really helpful. Appreciate the good work. Thank you

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  35. Thnx guys for such wonderful notes and ya plz also make for geography and economics then u would be covering whole sst prtion once again thnx

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  36. very nice i being fan of this website thank uuuu

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  37. soooooooo helpful at exam times THANKS A LOT!!!!!!!!!

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  38. Its very much helpful....tomorrow i hav my S.S.T exam ...jus make notes for civics next chp constitutional design plss

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  40. these are very helpful I liked these Qsns

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  42. These notes are very useful for me ....but I want this to be more brief....

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  43. Helpful.but should be in simple words for weak readers.

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  45. There are many unwanted points which needs to be removed.

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